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HealthcareStep-by-step

Using Portugal's National Health Service (SNS) and getting your user number

How the National Health Service works for newcomers: the SNS user number (número de utente), registering at your health centre and with a family doctor, the SNS 24 line, emergencies, what you pay, and the European Health Insurance Card.

Checked 8 Oct 2026
Applies to
Everyone who lives in Portugal. Foreign residents with a regular status can register with the SNS; anyone who is ill can be seen at a health centre or hospital, whether living in Portugal or visiting.
Effort
Medium effort
Time needed
One visit to the health centre to get the user number; waiting times for a family doctor vary
Cost
Consultations at health centres are free. Since June 2022 user fees apply only to hospital emergency visits without prior SNS referral that do not lead to admission.
When
Register as soon as you have an address and residence document; earlier if you need care.
On this page
  1. Overview
  2. Documents you need
  3. Step by step
  4. Before you have a user number
  5. Private health insurance
  6. Watch out
  7. Common mistakes
  8. Tips
  9. Frequently asked questions
  10. Official links
  11. In your plan
  12. Sources
  13. Related guides

Portugal's National Health Service (Serviço Nacional de Saúde, SNS) provides primary care through health centres (centros de saúde, including family health units) and hospital care through public hospitals.

To use it fully you need an SNS user number (número nacional de utente). Portuguese citizens get it automatically with their Citizen Card. Foreign nationals receive it the first time they go to a public health unit, such as a health centre or hospital. gov.pt points out that having the number alone does not guarantee that the SNS covers your costs: the number must be linked to your identity document, your NIF, a full address in Portugal and a residence document with an expiry date.

Documents you need

  • Identity document (passport or ID card)

    required
  • Tax number (NIF)

    required
  • Proof of address in the health centre's area

    required
  • Residence permit or other residence document with an expiry date

    EU citizens show the EU registration certificate.

    required

Step by step

  1. Step 1: Find the health centre for your address

    Primary care is organised by area: you register at the health centre that serves the address where you live. If you are unsure which one that is, ask at the reception of the nearest health centre.

  2. Step 2: Get your SNS user number

    Go to the health centre's reception with your passport or ID, NIF, proof of address and residence document (residence permit or AIMA document for non-EU nationals; EU registration certificate for EU citizens). Ask to be registered in the national user register (inscrição no Registo Nacional de Utentes). Procedures vary between health centres, so call or check first.

    Foreign residents with a regular status can also request the NIF, NISS and SNS number together at some Citizen Spaces (Espaços Cidadão), including two in Lisbon.

  3. Step 3: Ask for a family doctor

    With your user number you can register at the health centre and ask to be assigned a family doctor (médico de família). Family health units also include nurses and, in many places, psychology, nutrition, oral health and social work. If no family doctor is available, ask how to book appointments with the unit's team in the meantime.

  4. Step 4: Use SNS 24 before going to an emergency department

    Call SNS 24 on 808 24 24 24 when you feel ill and are unsure what to do. The line provides triage, advice and referral to the right service. Clinical calls are answered 24 hours a day; administrative questions from 8:00 to 22:00. The call is charged at the rate of a call to a landline (gov.pt, 2026).

    A referral from SNS 24 or your health centre matters: since June 2022 the SNS charges user fees (taxas moderadoras) only for hospital emergency visits without prior SNS referral, and not when the emergency visit leads to admission.

  5. Step 5: Know what to do in an emergency

    For life-threatening situations call 112, the free European emergency number. For poisoning, call the INEM poison centre on 800 250 250 (free, 24 hours).

  6. Step 6: Order your European Health Insurance Card later if you travel

    Once you are a legal resident registered with the SNS and Social Security, you can request the European Health Insurance Card (Cartão Europeu de Seguro de Doença) from Social Security for temporary stays in other EU countries. A provisional replacement certificate is available if you need it before the card arrives.

Before you have a user number

gov.pt states that any foreign person who is ill or needs care has the right to be seen at a health centre or hospital. Residence visas require travel insurance covering medical expenses, so non-EU newcomers arrive with insurance for their first months; AIMA accepts health insurance or proof of SNS coverage for the residence permit.

Private health insurance

Private health insurance is optional. Some employers offer it as a benefit; it does not replace your SNS registration.

Watch out

In an emergency call 112 first; do not wait for a health centre appointment.

Make sure your residence document recorded at the health centre is up to date; an expired document can affect coverage.

Common mistakes

  • Going straight to a hospital emergency department for non-urgent problems without calling SNS 24, which can mean waiting longer and paying a user fee.
  • Registering at a health centre that does not match your address.

Tips

  • Save 808 24 24 24 and 112 in your phone on your first day.
  • Keep a note of your user number with your NIF and NISS; pharmacies and hospitals ask for it.
  • Ask your employer whether private health insurance is part of your package.

Frequently asked questions

Editorial answers written by our team, based on the sources below.

Do I have to pay to see my family doctor?

Consultations at health centres are free. User fees were removed across the SNS in June 2022, except for hospital emergency visits without prior SNS referral that do not result in admission.

Can I get an SNS number before my residence permit is issued?

gov.pt says foreigners with legal residence can get the number, and that it must be linked to a residence document with a validity date. Health centres handle situations such as pending AIMA applications differently; ask at your health centre and bring your AIMA receipt.

In your plan

  • Get your SNS user number at your health centre
  • Make sure you have health cover for your first months
  • Register with a family doctor
  • Check the retirement and passive income (D7) visa requirements
  • Save Portugal's emergency and health numbers

Sources

Written and checked by HomiStart editorial against the official sources below. Next scheduled check: 6 Apr 2027.

  1. gov.pt (Agência para a Modernização Administrativa)Official source
    Migrantes – cuidados de saúde em Portugal (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026

    Updated 23 June 2026; right to care, user number conditions, SNS 24, 112, family health units, European card.

  2. gov.pt (Administração Central do Sistema de Saúde)Official source
    Pedir o número de utente do SNS (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026

    Updated 12 May 2026.

  3. gov.pt (Agência para a Modernização Administrativa)Official source
    Contactos de emergência em Portugal (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026
  4. República Portuguesa – XXIII GovernoOfficial source
    Taxas moderadoras acabam em todo o SNS exceto em urgência hospitalar (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026

    Published 5 May 2022; in force from June 2022.

  5. República Portuguesa – XXIV GovernoOfficial source
    Cidadãos estrangeiros em situação regular já podem obter os principais números de identificação num único pedido (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026
  6. Instituto Nacional de Emergência Médica (INEM)Official source
    CIAV – Centro de Informação Antivenenos (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026
  7. Agência para a Integração, Migrações e Asilo (AIMA)Official source
    Autorização de Residência – regime e requisitos gerais (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026
  8. Ministério dos Negócios Estrangeiros – Portal DiplomáticoOfficial source
    Residency (national visa – necessary documentation) (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026

    Travel insurance requirement for residence visas.

  9. EURES (European Commission)Official source
    Living and working conditions – Portugal (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026

    Page dated 3 July 2026; SNS health centre services generally free; register with the health centre where you live.

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