Your rights at work in New York
The main rules that protect employees in New York City: at-will employment and illegal reasons for firing, the 2026 minimum wage and overtime, tips, paid prenatal leave, NYC Protected Time Off, Paid Family Leave, discrimination, and where to complain, regardless of immigration status.
- Applies to
- Employees working in New York City. Most protections apply regardless of immigration status; some benefits, such as unemployment insurance, have their own eligibility rules. Independent contractors have different rules.
- Effort
- Low effort
- Time needed
- About 20 minutes to check your pay statement and leave balance
- Cost
- Complaints to the City and State labor agencies are free.
- Where
- New York City, United States
On this page
- Overview
- Minimum wage and overtime
- Tips belong to workers
- Paid and unpaid time off in New York City – Protected Time Off
- Paid prenatal leave
- Paid Family Leave
- Pay transparency and getting paid
- Illegal reasons for firing and discrimination
- Where to get help
- Watch out
- Common mistakes
- Tips
- Frequently asked questions
- Official links
- In your plan
- Sources
- Related guides
Most private-sector jobs in New York are at-will: your employer does not need good cause to end your employment, and you may leave at any time. But employers may not fire or punish you for an illegal reason, and federal, state and City laws set minimum standards for pay, overtime, leave and equal treatment. New York City's labor protections apply to workers regardless of immigration status, and the City agency that enforces them does not ask about status.
Your job offer letter, employment contract or union agreement may give you more than the legal minimum, for example paid vacation, which federal law does not require.
Minimum wage and overtime
- The minimum wage in New York City, Long Island and Westchester is $17.00 an hour (2026). The New York State Department of Labor says it stays at $17.00 on 1 January 2027.
- In the hospitality industry, employers may pay tipped food service workers a lower cash wage of $11.35 an hour in New York City with a tip credit of $5.65, as long as tips make up the difference.
- Overtime: non-exempt employees must be paid at least 1.5 times their regular rate for hours over 40 in a workweek. Some salaried managers and professionals are exempt; check your job's classification.
Tips belong to workers
In New York, an employer or its agent may not demand, accept or keep any part of a tip left for an employee. A charge added to a bill beyond food, drink and other listed services is presumed to be a tip and must go to the employees who provided the service.
Paid and unpaid time off in New York City – Protected Time Off
Under New York City's Protected Time Off law (formerly the Paid Safe and Sick Leave law), you earn 1 hour of paid leave for every 30 hours worked, up to:
- 40 paid hours a year at employers with 5 to 99 employees (and at small employers with 4 or fewer employees and a net income of $1 million or more);
- 56 paid hours a year at employers with 100 or more employees.
In addition, since 22 February 2026 every employer must give you 32 hours of unpaid protected time off, available immediately when you start and again each calendar year. You can use it for the health and safety reasons the law lists, such as your own or a family member's illness. Your pay statement must show your balances.
Paid prenatal leave
Since 1 January 2025, private-sector employees in New York State, full-time or part-time, get 20 hours of paid prenatal leave a year for pregnancy-related medical appointments, from the first day of work. It is separate from other leave, is paid at your regular rate (or at least the full minimum wage), and only the pregnant employee can use it.
Paid Family Leave
New York Paid Family Leave gives eligible employees up to 12 weeks of job-protected paid leave in any 52-week period to bond with a newly born, adopted or fostered child, care for a family member with a serious health condition, or help when a spouse, domestic partner, child or parent is deployed abroad on active military service. In 2026 it pays 67% of your average weekly wage, up to $1,228.53 a week. Employees fund it through a payroll contribution of 0.432% of gross wages, up to $411.91 a year (2026).
Pay transparency and getting paid
Employers with four or more employees must include a good-faith pay range in job advertisements, promotions and transfers. When you leave a job, your final wages are due no later than your next regular payday.
Illegal reasons for firing and discrimination
It is illegal to fire or discriminate against you because of characteristics such as race, religion, sex, national origin, age, sexual orientation, marital status, military status or disability, or because you complained about a labor-law violation, joined a union, took sick leave or family leave, filed a workers' compensation claim or served on a jury. Federal law also protects workers aged 40 and over from age discrimination, and prohibits discrimination based on citizenship status or national origin in hiring and in the Form I-9 process.
In New York City, the Commission on Human Rights enforces the City Human Rights Law, which protects everyone in the city, including visitors and non-citizens. Fast-food workers in New York City cannot be fired, or have their hours cut by more than 15%, without just cause or a legitimate business reason.
Where to get help
- NYC Department of Consumer and Worker Protection (DCWP): minimum standards set by the City, including Protected Time Off. Complain online at nyc.gov/workers or call 311 and say "Protected Time Off"; interpretation is free and DCWP does not ask about immigration status. Complaints must be filed within two years.
- New York State Department of Labor: minimum wage, overtime, tips and Paid Family Leave.
- NYC Commission on Human Rights: discrimination and harassment, (212) 416-0197.
- NY Attorney General: workers' rights and wage theft.
- U.S. Department of Justice, Immigrant and Employee Rights Section: citizenship and national origin discrimination and I-9 document abuse, worker hotline 1-800-255-7688.
Watch out
Firing or punishing you for complaining about a labor-law violation is illegal; keep a record of any threats and contact the agencies listed above.
Keep your own record of hours worked and copies of pay statements; they are your evidence if you are underpaid.
Common mistakes
Assuming that paid vacation is a legal right; in the United States it depends on your contract or employer policy. Not checking whether you are classified as exempt from overtime. Missing the two-year deadline for a Protected Time Off complaint.
Tips
Read your employer's handbook for vacation, holidays and leave policies and keep a copy. Check each pay statement for your protected time off balance, deductions and hourly rate. If you are dismissed, ask for the reason in writing and keep all messages; an employer does not have to give a reason, but a written record helps if the real reason was unlawful.
Frequently asked questions
Editorial answers written by our team, based on the sources below.
Do I get paid vacation and public holidays?
Not by law. Federal law does not require payment for time not worked, such as vacations or holidays; it is a matter of agreement between you and your employer. Check your offer letter or employee handbook for your employer's vacation and holiday policy. New York City's Protected Time Off and New York State's paid prenatal leave are separate legal minimums.
Do these rights apply if I am not a US citizen?
Yes. DCWP enforces City worker protections regardless of immigration status and does not ask about it during investigations. Your permission to work in the United States is a separate question that depends on your visa or work authorization.
Official links
NYS DOL – minimum wageOfficial source dol.ny.gov (Opens {{site}} in a new tab) DCWP – Protected Time Off FAQsOfficial source nyc.gov (Opens {{site}} in a new tab) New York State – paid prenatal leaveOfficial source ny.gov (Opens {{site}} in a new tab) New York Paid Family Leave – 2026Official source paidfamilyleave.ny.gov (Opens {{site}} in a new tab) NY Attorney General – job terminationOfficial source ag.ny.gov (Opens {{site}} in a new tab) NYC Commission on Human Rights – report discriminationOfficial source nyc.gov (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
In your plan
Check your pay statement, overtime and time-off balances Complete Form I-9, tax withholding and direct deposit for your job Start your job search
Sources
Written and checked by HomiStart editorial against the official sources below. Next scheduled check: 5 Feb 2027.
- New York State Office of the Attorney GeneralOfficial sourceTermination
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - U.S. Department of LaborOfficial sourceVacation Leave
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - New York State Department of LaborOfficial sourceYour New York State Minimum Wage
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - U.S. Department of Labor, Wage and Hour DivisionOfficial sourceOvertime Pay
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - New York State Department of LaborOfficial sourceTips and Gratuities Frequently Asked Questions
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - NYC Department of Consumer and Worker ProtectionOfficial sourceProtected Time Off Law FAQs
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - State of New YorkOfficial sourceNew York State Paid Prenatal Leave
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - State of New YorkOfficial sourcePaid Prenatal Leave FAQs
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - New York State Paid Family LeaveOfficial sourceNew York Paid Family Leave – home page
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - New York State Paid Family LeaveOfficial source2026 Paid Family Leave updates
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - New York State Department of LaborOfficial sourcePay Transparency
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity CommissionOfficial sourceProhibited Employment Policies/Practices
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - U.S. Department of Justice, Civil Rights DivisionOfficial sourceImmigrant and Employee Rights Section
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026 - NYC Commission on Human RightsOfficial sourceNYC Commission on Human Rights
(Opens {{site}} in a new tab) Accessed 8 Oct 2026