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Residence and visasStep-by-step

EU registration certificate in Spain (the green NIE)

How EU, EEA and Swiss citizens register as residents in Spain within three months: who qualifies, which documents prove work, study or sufficient means, booking the police appointment, the 2026 fee and what family members from outside the EU must do.

Checked 8 Oct 2026
Applies to
Citizens of an EU country, Iceland, Liechtenstein, Norway or Switzerland who will live in Spain for more than three months. Shorter stays need no registration. Non-EU family members apply for a separate residence card.
Effort
Medium effort
Time needed
One appointment of under an hour; finding an appointment can take several weeks
Cost
€12 in 2026 (Modelo 790, código 012), for the certificate or for the residence card of a non-EU family member.
When
Apply within three months of entering Spain. Barcelona International Welcome recommends trying to book the appointment as soon as you arrive.
On this page
  1. Overview
  2. Before you start
  3. Documents you need
  4. Step by step
  5. Watch out
  6. Common mistakes
  7. Tips
  8. Frequently asked questions
  9. Official links
  10. In your plan
  11. Sources
  12. Related guides

As an EU, EEA or Swiss citizen you do not need a visa or a work permit in Spain. If you stay longer than three months, though, you must register in the Central Register of Foreigners and obtain a certificate of registration as an EU citizen (certificado de registro de ciudadano de la Unión). It is a paper document, often called the "green NIE" because of its colour, that shows your name, nationality, address, NIE and date of registration.

The rules come from Royal Decree 240/2007. The certificate does not expire. After five years of continuous legal residence you can request a certificate of permanent residence.

Before you start

  • Valid passport or national ID card
  • Proof that you work, are self-employed, study, or have sufficient resources and health insurance

Documents you need

  • Valid passport or national ID card

    If it has expired, a copy plus proof that you applied to renew it.

    required
  • Form EX-18 in duplicate

    required
  • Proof of payment of the €12 fee

    required
  • Workers: contract, employer's certificate or social security registration

    optional
  • Students and people not working: health insurance covering Spain

    optional
  • Students and people not working: proof of sufficient resources

    optional

Step by step

  1. Step 1: Check which residence condition you meet

    You must meet at least one of these conditions:

    • Employee or self-employed in Spain.
    • Sufficient resources for yourself and your family so you do not become a burden on social assistance, plus health insurance with full cover in Spain (public or private, from Spain or another country).
    • Student at a recognised or publicly funded institution, with health insurance covering Spain and a signed statement that you have sufficient resources.
    • Family member accompanying or joining an EU citizen who meets one of the conditions above.

    There is no fixed income figure in the decree; the authorities assess your personal situation, and the threshold cannot exceed the level of social assistance for Spaniards or the minimum Social Security pension.

  2. Step 2: If you will work, get your social security number first

    Barcelona International Welcome advises workers to request their social security number and be registered by their employer before the appointment, because registration with Social Security (or the employer's certificate) is the usual proof of work. See Social security number in Spain.

  3. Step 3: Prepare your documents

    • Form EX-18 in duplicate, completed and signed.
    • Your valid passport or national ID card (originals and copies).
    • Proof of your situation:
      • Employees: an employer's statement or certificate with the company's name, address, tax number and social security account code, or a contract registered with the public employment service, or proof of registration with Social Security.
      • Posted workers: your contract with the employer abroad, your last payslips and the A1 certificate.
      • Self-employed: registration with the Tax Agency, the Companies Register or Social Security.
      • Not working: proof of health insurance with full cover in Spain and proof of sufficient resources.
      • Students: proof of enrolment, health insurance (a European Health Insurance Card valid for your stay is accepted) and a statement of sufficient resources.
    • Documents not in Spanish usually need a sworn translation; multilingual EU standard forms do not.
  4. Step 4: Pay the fee and book the appointment

    Fill in Modelo 790, código 012 choosing the option for the EU registration certificate (certificado de registro de residente comunitario), and pay €12 (2026) at a bank or by direct debit before the appointment.

    Book on the government's cita previa system: select your province, then the National Police procedure for the EU citizen registration certificate (certificado de registro de ciudadano de la UE). You receive a confirmation by email.

  5. Step 5: Attend in person and receive the certificate

    Go to the police station or foreigners' office shown on your booking. If everything is correct, the certificate is issued on the spot. Keep it with your passport or ID card: it is a paper document without a photo, so you always need your ID as well.

  6. Step 6: Register your non-EU family members

    Family members who are not EU citizens and stay more than three months must apply, within three months of entry, for a residence card of a family member of a Union citizen (tarjeta de residencia de familiar de ciudadano de la Unión). They show their passport, proof of the family relationship, your registration certificate and, where relevant, proof of dependency. They receive a receipt that proves lawful residence until the card is issued; the card is normally valid for five years.

Watch out

Barcelona International Welcome notes that demand for appointments is high and it may be hard to get one at the first attempt; start as soon as you arrive.

The certificate shows the address you registered. If you move, update your address, and when your address differs from earlier records you may be asked for a padrón document.

Common mistakes

  • Assuming that a stand-alone "white NIE" obtained earlier replaces the registration certificate. It does not.
  • Arriving without the fee receipt or with the wrong procedure selected on the 790 form.
  • Bringing travel insurance as proof of health cover. The insurance must give full cover in Spain.

Tips

  • Ask for an employer's certificate early; HR departments in Spain are used to providing it.
  • Register in the padrón as well; you need it for public health care and school places even though the certificate itself does not always require it.
  • Keep the certificate safe and make a scan; replacing it means another appointment.

Frequently asked questions

Editorial answers written by our team, based on the sources below.

I only stay for six months a year. Do I need to register?

Registration is required for stays of more than three months. Whether you are also tax resident is a separate question decided by tax rules (see Taxes in Spain).

Is the certificate an identity document?

No. It certifies your registration and your NIE. For identification you still use your passport or national ID card.

I am a British citizen who lived in Spain before 2021. Does this apply to me?

British citizens covered by the Withdrawal Agreement have a separate TIE. This guide is for current EU, EEA and Swiss citizens.

In your plan

  • Get your EU registration certificate
  • Register your non-EU family members
  • Check what free movement means for you in Spain
  • Book your police appointment for the TIE or EU certificate
  • Arrange health cover for your first months
  • Plan for long-term residence or Spanish nationality

Sources

Written and checked by HomiStart editorial against the official sources below. Next scheduled check: 6 Apr 2027.

  1. Policía Nacional – Sede electrónicaOfficial source
    Certificado de registro de ciudadano de la UE (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026

    Three-month deadline, EX-18, issued immediately, permanent residence after five years.

  2. Policía Nacional – Sede electrónicaOfficial source
    Tasas de Extranjería (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026
  3. Agencia Estatal Boletín Oficial del EstadoOfficial source
    Real Decreto 240/2007 sobre entrada, libre circulación y residencia en España de ciudadanos de la UE y del EEE (consolidated), arts. 7, 8 and 10 (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026
  4. Ajuntament de Barcelona – Barcelona International WelcomeOfficial source
    Certificate of registration as an EU national ("green NIE") (Opens {{site}} in a new tab)
    Accessed 8 Oct 2026

    Documents by situation, appointment steps in Barcelona province, issued on the spot.

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